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Tourist Info San Candido
Piazza del Magistrato 1
I-39038 San Candido (BZ)
Alta Pusteria - South Tyrol - Dolomites - Italy
Phone: 0039 0474 913149
Fax: 0039 0474 913677
E-Mail: info@sancandido.info
History
San Candido: Celts, Romans, Bajuvares,...
Around 1000 B.C. the Illyrians moved from the south-east to the area of San Candido. Since they were nomads, they left few traces. During the 4th century B.C. the Celts settled here. In addition to their agricultural activities, they founded a small and steady village.
Around 15 B.C. the Romans conquered the provinces of Rätia and Noricum (hence, also the area of Innichen); the Claudia Augusta connected Aquileja with Augsburg. It is most likely here that they founded the military station "Littamum" (approx. 500 inhabitants).
At the end of the 6th century A.D., the Slavs coming from east and the Bajuvars coming from north were involed in severe battles. The existing village (Littamum) was destroyed.
Foundation of the Benedictine Convent
In 769, Duke Tassilo III from Bavaria donated the land between Monguelfo in the west and Abfaltersbach in the east to Abbot Atto from Scharnitz on condition, that a Benedictine Convent for the conversion of the pagan Slavs had to be realised in the "campus gelau" (= icy land). Today's San Candido is a result of this settlement. Hence, San Candido is the oldest monastery, and one of the oldest settlements in Tyrol.
In 783 Abbot Atto became the bishop of Freising. Since then, San Candido has been part of the Freising prince-bishopric, except for a short period until secularisation in 1803. This is where the moor in the community emblem comes from, the landmark of the Freising price-bishopric.
In 965 Emperor Otto the Great (I.) provided San Candido with immunity, San Candido became independent from the empire, and Prince-Bishop of Freising continued to have control over the village
San Candido:
Heyday in the Middle Ages
In 1140 the Benedictine Monastery was converted into a mundane Collegiate Monastery. The Benedictine monks were replaced by mundane clergyman, the canons.
San Candido reached its absolute heyday in the High Middle Ages, hence in the 12th and 13th century. The territory reached from Monguelfo in the west, Abfaltersbach in the east to the Venetian lowlands (Cadore). During the 13th century, some farmer families from the area of San Candido colonised some ground north-east of today's Tolmin (Slovenia), and founded six communities. On 15th July 1303, King Albrecht I provided San Candido with market rights.
Since the High Middle Ages, the bailiffs (Earls of Görz, then Earls of Tyrol) - who were actually responsible for the protection of the Freising regime -
confiscated almost the entire territory from the regime, so that at the end (1803) only a small part of San Candido was left over.
After World War I, San Candido (and Sesto) were also handed over to Italy, even though this was not part of the London Treaty.
The water divide near Dobbiaco was actually supposed to be the border between Italy and Austria.
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